The parent[s] of our first known HOKE ancestor is not known, but several
possibilities exist.
This details that which is known of the HOKE family in Germany prior
to our known ancestor, and is entirely cited to Jack HOKE in the HOKE family
forum of genforum.com
ėKnown Hock References:-
1405, Hack/Hock - recorded as among the nobility serving Emperor Ruprecht.
1509, Hock - listed among the congregation at Kloster Worschweiler.
1526, Jakob Hock - listed as Church Trustee of Kloster Worschweiler.
1536, Jakob Hock - listed as Church Caretaker at Kloster Worschweiler.
1545, Hans Hock of Limbach - recorded as purchasing land near Erbach
and Einod.
1552, Hans Hock of Niederauer - recorded as having sold land recorded
as the 'Hocken Gut'.
1565, Hock - listed at Ottweiler, as 'Meyer of the Dukes of Zweibrucken'.
1566, Hans Hock of Einod - recorded as selling a piece of land 'in
Rye Garten'.
1568, Hans Hock - listed as Baptismal Sponsor of Hans Pfeiffer, Stonemason.
1575-1640, Hock - resident in Rhodt, Landau, Pfalz, Germany.
1586-1589, Carsilius Hack of Neustadt, Theobaldus Hock of Limbach,
and Nicholaus Hack of Hornbach, are listed as 'Schuler' at the Hornbach
Kloster.
1591-1592, Theobaldus Hock is listed as being in the service of Prince
Christian Von Anhalt, and participating in various Military actions against
the French League, notably the 'Battle of the White Mountain'.
1595, a Theobald Hock, a chancelery worker in Zweibrucken, and listed
as from Pfalz-Zweibrucken, and formerly secretary to Duke Johann I, and
his brother Anastasius Hock - Physician to the Court of Peter Wok, were
granted Heraldic Arms described as "a Shield of Gold, with Three Wolfsangeln
Haken or Arkiers, surmounted by a Helmet (facing left) bearing Adlersflugel".
(Ref: Kurfurst Freidrich IV, folio 382).
1598, a Jan (Johann or Johannes) Hock and his nephew Theobald Hock
are listed as employees of Emporor Rudolph II.
1602, Emperor Rudolph II granted Theobald & Anastasius Hock the
above Heraldic Arms differenced by the Helmet facing front. (Ref: Reg.
Rudolph XXIII, p.615, Kopiar Wittingau/Trebon Archives).
1626-1670, Hock - resident in Liestal, now Checkeslovakia.
1709, Hack/Heck - listed as refugees from Lower Palatinate transported
from Rotterdam to London.î1
Jack Hoke in Genforum post [Hoke family forum]:
ėThere are at least 6 and maybe 8-10 Hoke families in N. America -
each from a seperate and apparently unrelated Immigrant. Each of
these Hoke families were originally HOCK not HOCH - no space to go into
the subtleties here. Reading through the discussions, I see the old myths
are recycling again. Johann Jacob Hock/Hoke (Arr. US 1728)
had no known/proven brothers - and none in America. This Hoke family is
outlined in the book "I ... Hoke, Bequeath" by Jean Berlekamp & Hoke
Hoke McConnel.
The "3 Brothers who came to America" are a totally seperate and distinct
Hoke family, they are Hans George Hock/Hoke, and brothers Johann Daniel
& Johann Andreus. Many (but not all) of the descendants of Hans George
are outlined in the book "A Hock (anglicized Hoke) Family History 1400-1900"
by Jesse Hoover. German Records & Family verbal history record 3 brothers,
the sons of Johann Andreus & Anna CatharinaHock of Webenheim, coming
to N. America between 1737 and 1754 :-
1. Hans Georg Hock (the eldest) of Limbach nr. Zweibrucken,
with wife Juliana Sophia [Schwartz], 2 daughters Catharina Sophia &
Charlotha Elisabetha, arrived Sept. 24, 1737 in the ship 'Virtuous Grace',
with 3 others (his wife's brothers and widowed Mother). A Hans Georg 'Haak'
took out a warrant for 100 acres in Tulpehocken Twp., Lancaster Co., PA,
on Nov. 30, 1737, and later Hans Georg Hock purchased 200 acres in Lebanon
Twp.,Lancaster Co., PA, on Oct.19, 1738.
2. Johann Daniel Hock (2nd oldest brother) of Mimbach, Webenheim & wife Susanna Maria [Goeltzer], with 4 others, arrived Dec. 3, 1740 in the ship 'Samuel.' Johann Daniel Hock & Family appear to have settled initially in York Co., and later permanently in Berks Co., PA.
3. Johann Andreus Hock (youngest brother) of Webenheim, with wife Anna Eva [Klein] and 7 children, arrived Oct.1, 1754 in the ship 'Phoenix', in company with Daniel Schwartz, his wife and children. Johann Andreus Hock & Family appear to have settled in Lancaster Co., PA.
While it is certain that descendants of Hans Georg Hock took the anglicized 'Hoke' spelling of the family name, it is uncertain or unproven if descendants of his brothers did also, but very probable.
On of these MAY be the progenitor of the NY Hoke Family.
The Hoke Family in America trace their ancestry back to the huge influx
of German Immigrants who came through the Port of Philadelphia prior to
the Revolutionary War. Most came from the area in Southwest Germany between
the Rhine and the borders of France & Switzerland, known as the Phaltz
or Lower Palatine State.
In those times, Germany was not the nation we know today, but a loose
confederation of independant feudal states, each being ruled by an Elector,
appointed by the Princes of the Holy Roman Empire in its closing attempts
to control Europe.
The nine Electors, with three Bishop-Princes, elected the Emperor from
among the crowned heads of Europe.
In this manner it was thought to unite and control Europe under one
Ruler, dominated by the Church.
In practise, the Electors deliberately sought a weak willed Monarch,
and thus retained controlling power of the fragmented territories, until
the framework of 'Constituted Anarchy' was formally terminated in 1806,
giving birth to modern Germany.
From 1616 to 1648 Germany was devastated by the 'Thirty Years War', the underlying cause of which was the animosity created by Catholic supporters of the Holy Roman Empire attempting to stamp out the Protestant Religeon, and during which some 30% of the population of Germany perished.
After the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, Roman Catholics controlled the
German States with predominantly Catholic populations, and Protestants
within those States were frequently persecuted, imprisoned, tortured and
executed.
In 1709, King Louis XIV of France, who dreamed of restoring the Catholic
Empire of Charlemagne, devasted the Protestant Lower Palatinate. His armies
swept across the land, pillaging any valuables that could be carried away,
leveled Cities and Villages, and burned everything that might sustain or
house the resident population, leaving a burnt out wasteland to mark their
path.
Vast numbers of the previously independant and self-sustaining population
were killed out of hand, and those that escaped began an exodus to find
a new home where they might live in peace. Stories of the 'Neuen Weldt'
passed from mouth to mouth, and the migration to 'Amerika' began.
Protestants of the Reformed tradition came mainly from the Lower Palatinate,
and the first ordained Reformed Minister, the Rev. George Michael Weiss,
arrived in Philadelphia with 400 migrants from the Palatinate in 1727.
Until 1740, the German Reformed outnumbered Lutherans in Pennsylvania,
and German Immigrants made up half the population of the Colony at that
time. Aware of increasing conflict between the two major Scotch-Irish &
German ethnic groups, the heirs of William Penn sold land in Lancaster
& Berks Counties exclusively to Germans, and segregated the Scotch-Irish
along the outer border.
The Pennsylvania-German Society book states that they have no records of the ship arrivals between 1714 and 1727, but the number was considerable. Rev. Rieger estimated that 15,000 Germans were in America by 1727. By 1750, the estimate is between 42,000 and 47,000. In 1728, 1729 and 1730 the arrivals were 390, 243, 458 respectively. In 1732, the number was 2,093. In the year 1738, sixteen immigrant ships reached port, bringing from 15 to 349 passengers each, or a total of 3,115. By 1790 one third of the population of Pennsylvania was German.
Since most of the Germans were farmers they spread out over the countryside and began cutting down trees and building farms. They were hard working and prosperous. The price of passage to America was about five pistoles per head freight for some years and the merchants and captains crowded the passengers like herrings and many were forced to stay on deck with about 12 inches of space. Many times they did not have enough food or water and many sickened and died enroute.
Christopher Sauer wrote of the German's plight, "Among other grievances the Germans suffer is one viz: that the ignorant Germans agree fairly with the merchants at Holland for seven pistoles and a half; when they come to Philadelphia the merchants make them pay what they please, and take at least nine pistoles. The poor people on board are prisoners. They durst not go ashore, or have their chests delivered, except they allow in a bond or pay what they owe not; and when they go into the country, they loudly complain there, that no justice is to be had for poor strangers. They show their agreements, wherein is fairly mentioned that they are to pay seven pistoles and a half to Issac and Zacharay Hoke, at Rotterdam, or their order at Philadelphia, etc. Also, "When family members came to America and some of the family died enroute the survivors were forced to pay the passage for those who had died."
Caspar Wistar wrote in 1732: "Last year a ship was twenty four weeks
at sea, and of the 150 passengers on board thereof, more than 100 died
of hunger and privation, and the survivors were imprisoned and compelled
to pay the entire passage-money for themselves and the deceased. In this
year 10 ships arrived in Philadelphia with 5,000 passengers, One ship was
seventeen weeks at sea and about 60 passengers thereof died."
Above entirely from Jack Hoke as given in Genforum.com, HOKE
family forum.